The primary aim of most Olympic Games athletes is to win a gold medal, though winning any medal is a great achievement for most of them. Here are two lists, ranking athletes by the most number of medals, and also by gold medals won (including 2012). You can see below that the clear winner is Michael Phelps with the most Olympic golds and most medals in total.
It is clear that athletes from certain sports have an advantage, for example there are many more gymnastics and swimming medals up for grabs than for a team sport like hockey or volleyball. Also, the number of events in which medals are available overall have changed over time. As some sports do not have the same opportunity to win multiple medals.
Phelps has the Most Total Medals
Here is the list of the top 10 athletes (males and females) with the most medals in total (includes all gold, silver and bronze medals won), from all summer Olympic Games (including 2012). American swimmer Michael Phelps is the clear winner, with the highest ranked female gymnast Larisa Latynina. Although not making this list, a significant achievement was by Hungarian Aladar Gerevich who won medals in 6 consecutive Olympic Games in fencing.
Top male and female (total medals)
Top 10 males (total medals)
Top 10 females (total medals)
Phelps also has the Most Gold Medals
Here are lists of the top 10 greatest gold medal winners, from all summer Olympic Games (including 2012). As with the total medal list, the clear leader here is Michael Phelps, with the top ranked female Larisa Latynina sharing 9 gold medals with Paavo Nurmi and Mark Spitz.
Top Male and Female Athletes (total gold medals)
Top 10 males (gold medals)
Top 10 females (gold medals)
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